Self-Assessment - Composite Self Hip Fracture Risk Assessment

Background

  • The FRAX®1 tool has been developed by World Health Organization to evaluate fracture risk of patients. It is based on individual patient models that integrate the risks associated with clinical risk factors as well as bone mineral density (BMD) at the femoral neck.
  • SARC-F2 is a tool developed by Malmstrom TK and Morley JE, using simple questions to evaluate risk of sarcopenia.
  • Sarcopenia leads to limited mobility, consequently increasing the risk of fall and fracture, so there are close relationships between sarcopenia and fracture. According to the research from our centre, comparing solely using FRAX® to predict fracture, using SARC-F in addition to FRAX® to predict hip fracture can increase the prediction sensitivity (true positive), which in turn enhances the efficacy of strategy for fracture prevention in elderly.

Self-assessment

  1. Sex :          
  2. Please answer the following 5 questions of SARC-F.

    SARC-F Screen for Sarcopenia
      Scoring
    Component & Question 0 1 2
    1. Strength
      How much difficulty do you have in lifting and carrying 10 pounds ?
    1. Assistance in Walking
      How much difficulty do you have walking across a room ?
    1. Rise from a chair
      How much difficulty do you have transferring from a chair or bed ?
    1. Climb stairs
      How much difficulty do you have climbing a flight or 10 stairs ?
    1. Falls
      How many times have you fallen in the past year ?
    SARC-F score:
  3. Please click the link below and enter age, sex, height, weight and medical history, then click "Calculate"
    https://www.sheffield.ac.uk/FRAX/tool.aspx?lang=en&country=20

    Please enter the 10 year probability of hip fracture (%)3 in the following blanket, then click "Risk Calculation"
    FRAX® 10 year probability of hip fracture (%):

Assessment results

Please click "Risk Calculation".


Case 1:
Mr Chan is 60 years old, healthy and walking without problem, He is 60kg in weight and 170cm in height, without other health problem.
SARC-F score (Max. 10 points): 0
FRAX®10 year probability of hip fracture (%): 0.6
Your hip fracture risk: Normal risk
Your sarcopenia risk: Normal risk

Case 2:
Ms Lee is 80 years old, fell 4 times in the last year and cannot climb 10 stairs. She is 65kg in weight and 155cm in height, with rheumatoid arthritis.
SARC-F score (Max. 10 points): 4
FRAX®10 year probability of hip fracture (%): 13
Your hip fracture risk: High risk
Your sarcopenia risk: High risk

* Composite self hip fracture risk assessment (version 1.0)
1 https://www.sheffield.ac.uk/FRAX/index.aspx?lang=en
2 Malmstrom TK, Morley JE. SARC-F:a simple questionnaire to rapidly diagnose sarcopenia. J Am Med Dir Assoc, 2013, 14: 531–532. DOI:10.1016/j.jamda.2013.05.018
3 The 10 year probability of hip fracture (%) is "without BMD", that means there is no need to enter BMD, using "Hong Kong" as reference
4 SARC-F≧4:high risk of sarcopenia. Reference to Malmstrom TK, Morley JE. SARC-F: A simple questionnaire to rapidly diagnose sarcopenia. J Am Med Dir Assoc, 2013, 14: 531–532. DOI:10.1016/j.jamda.2013.05.018
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Last revision date: Jun 2018